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屯堡人是从明代随着军队从江南迁移到贵州的汉族人。随着移民,汉族人带来的地戏元素与贵州本地文化相融合,形成了标志性的文化——屯堡地戏,在屯堡村寨通常叫做“跳神”。至今为止,地戏伴随着屯堡村寨的建设扎根在贵州已有六百余年的历史,期间有过五百年的兴盛,也有过在“文化大革命”期间的衰落。而现在,为了发展经济、适应旅游发展,地戏取消了一些仪式。甚至因为仪式的部分衰落,学术界一些学者提出关于地戏是不是傩戏的论争。本文通过地戏仪式中的逐除内涵,探究地戏与傩戏的联系。
Tunpu people from the Ming Dynasty with the army moved from Jiangnan to Guizhou Han. As immigrants, the elements of playful drama brought by the Han people merge with the local culture in Guizhou, forming a landmark culture - the Tunpu play, commonly known as “dancing the gods” in the Tunpu village. So far, the theater has been rooted in Guizhou for more than 600 years with the construction of the Tunpu village. Over 500 years flourished, and there was a decline during the Cultural Revolution. Now, in order to develop the economy and adapt to the development of tourism, opera canceled some ceremonies. Even partly because of the decline of ceremonies, some academics have raised the issue of whether or not drama is a drama. This article explores the connection between the drama and the Nuo opera by excluding connotation in the theater play.