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据中国果树病虫志记载,在30多种果树上,病害达700多种。病害是由感病的植物、致病的病原和一定的外界环境条件三项因素所构成的。这些病害还分非侵染性病害和侵染性病害。前者主要是气象因素、土壤因素和一些有毒物,所以也称生理性病害;后者亦称传染性病害,引起侵染性病害的病原物有真菌、细菌、病毒、线虫、寄生种子植物等。病原物的传播有三种方式,即自动、自然与人为传播。特别是人为传播,人类在各种农业操作中,如播种、移栽、施肥、修剪、嫁接等常无意识的传播了某些病害。贸易与引种可以造成病害的
According to records of the Chinese fruit tree pest records, more than 700 kinds of diseases are found on more than 30 kinds of fruit trees. Diseases are caused by three factors: the susceptible plant, the causative pathogen, and certain external environmental conditions. These diseases are also classified as non-invasive diseases and infectious diseases. The former is mainly meteorological factors, soil factors and some toxic substances, it is also called physiological diseases; the latter also known as infectious diseases, causing infectious diseases have fungi, bacteria, viruses, nematodes, parasitic seed plants. There are three ways to transmit pathogens: automatic, natural and human-based. In particular, man-made transmission has led to the unconscious dissemination of certain diseases by mankind in various agricultural operations such as planting, transplanting, fertilizing, pruning and grafting. Trade and introduction can cause disease