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老年黄斑变性已日益为临床多见,并已成为老年人致盲的主要原因之一。本文,我们对已经眼底检查和荧光血管造影确诊的53例(101只眼)老年黄斑变性进行分析,其中男性38例,女性15例,年龄50-77岁,平均年龄为61.3岁,双眼患病的有48例,单眼的有5例,52只眼属右眼,49只眼属左眼,本病分成二型:干性型和湿性型。本文中,70只眼是干性型,其眼底表现为黄斑部色素紊乱,散在的玻璃疣,中心凹光反射溅弱或消失,荧光血管造影可见视网膜色素上皮窗样缺损和晚期的残留荧光,其中有65只眼(92.9%)的视力在0.6以上。另外31只眼为湿性型,其眼底和荧光血管造影表现为多种多样,最多见的是眼底有黄色融合性玻璃疣,灰白色的视网膜轻度隆起,视网膜内出血,荧光血管造影为黄斑部有视网膜下新生血管膜,或伴有色素上皮及神经上皮脱离的高荧光区,及出血而致的遮蔽荧光,有17只眼(54.85)的视力在0.3以下,其中15只眼均有视网膜下新生血管。结果表明在本病早期不一定出现视力障碍,导致视力严重下降的主要原因是脉络膜新生血管长人视网膜下。因而特别强调对老年黄斑变性的早期诊断和及早发现视网膜下新生血管的重要性。
Age-related macular degeneration has become increasingly common clinical and has become one of the main causes of blindness in the elderly. In this article, we analyzed 53 cases (101 eyes) of age-related macular degeneration with fundus examination and fluorescein angiography, of which 38 were male and 15 were female, aged 50-77 years with a mean age of 61.3 years with binocular disease Of 48 cases, monocular in 5 cases, 52 eyes of the right eye, 49 eyes of the left eye, the disease is divided into two types: dry type and wet type. In this paper, 70 eyes are dry type, the performance of the fundus of the macular pigment disorders, scattered drusen, foveal reflex splash or disappear, fluorescence angiography retinal pigment epithelial window-like defects and late residual fluorescence, Of these, 65 eyes (92.9%) had a visual acuity of 0.6 or greater. The other 31 eyes of wet type, the fundus and fluorescence angiography showed a variety of, the most common is the fundus with yellow fusion drusen, gray slightly raised retinal hemorrhage, retinal hemorrhage, fluorescein angiography macular retina Under the new neovascular membrane, or with high-fluorescence zone with pigment epithelium and neuroepithelial detachment, and bleeding due to the occlusion of fluorescence, 17 eyes (54.85) visual acuity of 0.3 or less, of which 15 eyes have subretinal neovascularization . The results show that in the early stage of the disease may not be visually impaired, leading to serious decline in visual acuity is the main reason for choroidal neovascularization of the human long subretinal. Therefore, special emphasis is placed on the early diagnosis of age-related macular degeneration and the importance of early detection of subretinal neovascularization.