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目的了解2009-2012年许昌市流感流行特征,为制订流感防控方案提供依据,及时预警流感变异株。方法按照国家流感监测方案要求,收集监测哨点流感样病例(ILI)相关诊室报告情况并对部分病例采样,开展病原学监测,核酸监测方法进行流感病毒亚型鉴定。结果 2009-2012年监测哨点相关门诊ILI数占门诊就诊人数百分比平均为4.70%。近两年ILI%分布曲线呈现“剪刀样交叉”。共采检测ILI标本1 547份,PCR阳性419份,阳性率27.08%,以甲型H1N1亚型为主。5岁以下儿童ILI就诊数构成比高于其他年龄人群。结论近两年流感季节性高发趋势不明显,发病以5岁以下儿童为主,病原学监测结果提示甲型H1N1亚型已不具备优势,要警惕流感病毒变异株的出现。
Objective To understand the epidemic characteristics of influenza in Xuchang City from 2009 to 2012 and provide a basis for formulating influenza prevention and control plan to timely warn of influenza variants. Methods According to the requirements of the national influenza surveillance program, we collected the reported cases of sentinel influenza-like illness cases (ILI) and sampled some cases, carried out pathogen detection and nucleic acid monitoring methods to identify influenza virus subtypes. Results The percentage of outpatient visits for ILI out of the sentinel-related clinics in 2009-2012 was 4.70%. The ILI% distribution curve shows “scissors-like cross ” in the past two years. A total of 1 547 ILI samples were collected, 419 were positive for PCR, the positive rate was 27.08%. The majority of cases were Type A H1N1 subtypes. The number of ILI visits among children under 5 years of age is higher than that of other age groups. Conclusions The seasonal epidemic of influenza is not obvious in recent two years. The incidence is mainly in children under 5 years of age. Etiological surveillance results suggest that H1N1 subtype is no longer an advantage and should be vigilant against the emergence of influenza virus variants.