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目的调查成都市大邑县农村居民慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)患病情况和影响因素。方法 2010年2月-12月采取整群抽样方法随机选取成都市农村地区2个自然村,对40~70岁人群进行问卷调查、体格检查和肺功能检测,通气气流受限者使用支气管扩张剂后,第1秒用力呼气容积(FEV1)和用力肺活量(FVC)的比值(FEV1/FVC)<70%者诊断为COPD,对COPD的影响因素行logistic回归分析。结果 1参与调查共计1 017人,有效调查人数为782人,有效应答率为76.89%。男330人,女452人,年龄(51.97±8.17)岁。2检出COPD患者83例,患病率10.61%,人口标准化患病率12.37%,总患病率随年龄增加而升高(χ2=12.629,P<0.001)。男性患病率13.33%,女性患病率8.62%,两者比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),男性患病率随年龄增长而升高(χ2=18.638,P<0.001),但女性无此趋势。3单因素分析显示不同性别、年龄、受教育程度、吸烟、吸烟指数等患病率差异有统计学意义。多因素分析结果显示年龄、吸烟指数为COPD主要危险因素。结论成都市大邑县农村COPD患病率较高,控制吸烟及提高受教育程度是重要的防治手段。
Objective To investigate the prevalence and influential factors of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) among rural residents in Dayi County, Chengdu City. Methods From February to December 2010, two natural villages in rural areas of Chengdu were randomly selected by cluster sampling method. Questionnaires, physical examinations and pulmonary function tests were performed on 40- to 70-year-olds. Bronchodilators were used after restricted ventilation airflow (FEV1 / FVC) <70% in the first second and the forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1 / FVC) <70% were diagnosed as COPD, and the influencing factors of COPD were analyzed by logistic regression. Results 1 A total of 1 017 people participated in the survey, the number of valid respondents was 782, the effective response rate was 76.89%. 330 males and 452 females, with an age of (51.97 ± 8.17) years. 2 detected 83 cases of COPD patients, the prevalence rate of 10.61%, the population standardized rate of 12.37%, the overall prevalence increased with age (χ2 = 12.629, P <0.001). The prevalence rate of males was 13.33%, the prevalence of females was 8.62%, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.01). The prevalence of males increased with age (χ2 = 18.638, P <0.001) No such trend. 3 Univariate analysis showed that there were significant differences in the prevalence of different gender, age, education level, smoking, smoking index and so on. Multivariate analysis showed age and smoking index were the major risk factors for COPD. Conclusion The prevalence of COPD in rural areas of Dayi County in Chengdu City is high. It is an important control measure to control smoking and improve education level.