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研究了4个栽培棉种间叶片与花器组织解剖性状的异同及这些性状在种间杂种后代的遗传规律。结果表明,2个二倍体栽培种与2个四倍体栽培种叶片横切面构造之间有特征性差异,前者为近等面叶,后者为背腹叶。二倍体栽培棉种与四倍体栽培棉种间的杂种F_1表现为近等面叶,并近等面叶对背腹叶为显性。叶柄横切面构造观察表明,4个栽培棉种问除叶柄直径有明显差异外,其构造基本相似,每叶柄有4～5束维管束,平均直径约265～330μm。苞叶横切面没有栅栏组织与海绵组织的分化,上、下表皮间为叶肉组织,4个栽培棉种问除苞叶厚度外基本近似。花柄的横切面构造观察表明,花柄内维管束的分布方式与叶柄截然不同,它是由平均直径约70～110μm的维管束沿花柄内径致密排列而成的,每花柄约有20～30束维管束,因棉种而异。
The similarities and differences of anatomical characters between the four cultivated cotton species and the flower organ and the genetic rules of their interspecific hybrid progenies were studied. The results showed that there was a characteristic difference between the cross-sectional structures of two diploid cultivars and two tetraploid cultivars. The former was nearly equilateral leaves and the latter was dorsoventral. The hybrid F_1 between diploid and tetraploid cultivars was nearly equiaxed and the near-equilateral leaves were dominant to the dorsoventral. Petiole cross-section structure observation showed that the four cultivated cotton seedlings except the petiole diameter diameter difference there are significant differences, the structure is basically similar to each petiole with 4 to 5 vascular bundles, with an average diameter of about 265 ~ 330μm. There was no differentiation of palisade tissue and spongy tissue in the transverse section of husk leaves. The mesophyll was the tissue between the upper and lower epidermis. The four cultivated cotton species were basically similar except for the thickness of the husk. The observation of the cross-section structure of the flower stalk showed that the vascular bundles in the flower stalk were distributed in a very different way from the petioles. The vascular bundles were arranged closely along the inner diameter of the flower stalk by an average diameter of about 70-110 μm. Each flower stalk had about 20 ~ 30 bundles of vascular bundles, depending on the cotton seed.