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为探明花垣县植烟土壤养分状况,2015年在花垣县共采集160个土壤样本,对其养分状况进行综合分析。结果表明:花垣县植烟土壤p H值平均为5.45,碱解氮163.78 mg/kg,有效磷38.64 mg/kg,速效钾244.07 mg/kg,全氮2.36 g/kg,全磷0.80 g/kg,全钾22.90 g/kg,有机质32.58 g/kg。花垣烟区土壤养分含量总体上较丰富,土壤有机质、氮素和磷素含量偏高,少数乡镇速效钾含量偏低,一半以上的乡镇植烟土壤为酸性和极酸性。不同植烟乡镇土壤养分特征有明显差异,如补抽土壤的碱解氮含量较高,有效磷和速效钾含量则较低;排碧土壤的碱解氮含量较高,有效磷和速效钾含量极高;道二土壤的碱解氮和速效钾含量适宜,有效磷含量偏高。针对花垣烟区植烟土壤养分丰缺状况,应当合理控制氮和磷的施肥量,采用有机无机肥配施的办法提高钾肥利用率,并适当调节烟区土壤p H值。
In order to find out the nutrient status of tobacco planting in Huayuan County, a total of 160 soil samples were collected in Huayuan County in 2015, and their nutrient status was analyzed comprehensively. The results showed that the p H value of tobacco planting soil in Huayuan County was 5.45, 163.78 mg / kg nitrogen, 38.64 mg / kg available phosphorus, 244.07 mg / kg available potassium, 2.36 g / kg total nitrogen and 0.80 g / kg total phosphorus , Total potassium 22.90 g / kg, organic matter 32.58 g / kg. The content of soil nutrients in Huayuan tobacco growing area is generally rich, with high content of organic matter, nitrogen and phosphorus in the soil, low content of available potassium in a few townships and more than half of the township tobacco growing soils are acidic and extremely acidic. There were significant differences in soil nutrient characteristics among different tobacco-planting townships. For example, the contents of available nitrogen and available potassium were higher in soil supplemented soils, while that in available soil was higher. The contents of available phosphorus and available potassium Extremely high; Road two soil nitrogen and available potassium content of available potassium, phosphorus content is high. Aiming at the condition of abundance and shortage of tobacco in Huayuan tobacco-planting area, we should control the amount of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers rationally, and use organic and inorganic fertilizer to increase the utilization rate of potash fertilizer and adjust p H value in tobacco soil.