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战时军队输血部门职能的发挥主要靠平时有效与及时的组织工作。战时输血的卫生勤务有三:一是采集足量血液;二是解决血液的采集、贮存和运输装备;三是在战地合理分配和使用库存血液。由于血细胞生活期短,短时内需要量大,预测需要量和解决运输手段比较困难等,故须按照作战计划制订长期的规划方案,以便获得足够的血液和装备并合理布局。 一、战区血液供应和输血组织 1.二次世界大战时战区血液供应有两种方案。(1)分配供应方案:由内地采血并运送到前线医疗单位。此方案的优点:①供血较稳定;②前线医疗单位不致因采血浪费时间;③血化验较全面(如康氏反应、
The function of blood transfusion departments in wartime depends mainly on the effective and timely organization of work. There are three health services for wartime transfusion: one is to collect enough blood; the other is to deal with the collection, storage and transportation of blood; and the third is to distribute and use stocked blood rationally in combat. Due to the short life span of blood cells, the large amount of demand in a short time, the forecast of the need and the difficulty in solving the means of transport, long-term planning plans must be formulated in accordance with the operational plans in order to obtain adequate blood and equipment and rational distribution. First, the theater of blood supply and blood transfusion organization World War II theater when the blood supply there are two options. (1) distribution of supply programs: blood from the Mainland and transported to the frontline medical units. The advantages of this program: ① blood supply is more stable; ② front-line medical units will not waste time because of blood collection; ③ blood tests more comprehensive (such as Kang’s reaction,