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我们长期习惯于使用公有制和私有制概念,但仔细推敲,这种“公私二分”法存在不少问题:第一,褒贬明显。在中国传统文化和现实语境中,公私之分已经内在地包含着褒贬意味、价值评价。社会意识的基本倾向是:“公”是先进的、高尚的、优越的,而“私”是落后的、卑劣的、丑恶的,甚至是“万恶之源”。二者高下已分,扬公抑私也就顺理成章。这种先入为主的观念不仅同市场经济条件下各种经济主体平等竞争的通行原则相悖,而且与事实也是不符的。
We are accustomed to using the concepts of public ownership and private ownership for a long time. However, careful scrutiny of this “public-private-dichotomy” law has many problems. First, it is obvious. In the context of traditional Chinese culture and reality, the distinction between public and private has already inherently implied the value of praise and appreciation. The basic tendency of social consciousness is that “public” is advanced, noble, superior, and “private” is backward, despicable, ugly, and even “the source of all evil.” The two have been subordinate, Yang public self-restraint will be a matter of course. This notion of preconceived not only runs counter to the principle of equal competition among various economic subjects in a market economy, but also does not conform to the facts.