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BACKGROUND: Previous studies on integration mechanisms of visual and vestibular information in the central nervous system have focused on the vestibular system. Due to the lack of an appropriate animal model, few studies have addressed the visual system with regard to visual and vestibular information. OBJECTIVE: To investigate Fos protein expression differences of vestibular-related nucleus populations in a mouse model of rapid retinal degeneration and normal wild-type Kunming mice following rotary motion, and to verify integration regions of visual and vestibular information in the central nervous system. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: A randomized, controlled in vitro study was performed at the Key Laboratory of Aerospace Medicine of Ministry of Education, China from March 2008 to February 2009. MATERIALS: A rotary stimulation device was re-fit to an electric, rotating chair produced by the School of Aerospace Medicine, the Fourth Military Medical University. METHODS: A total of 12 rapid retinal degeneration mice and 12 normal wild-type male Kunming mice were randomly assigned to experimental and control subgroups, respectively (n = 6). Mice in the experimental group were exposed to rotary motion at a speed of 180°/s, 3 minutes per cycle, in an alternating clockwise/counterclockwise movement. Mice in the control group were not exposed to rotary motion. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Differences in the number of Fos-positive neurons were determined in the vestibular nucleus, prepositus hypoglossal nucleus, inferior olive subnucleus beta, Kooy cap of the inferior olive medial nucleus, and the flocculus and paraflocculus of the cerebellum in rapid retinal degeneration mice and normal wild-type Kunming mice. RESULTS: The number of Fos-positive neurons was reduced in the prepositus hypoglossal nucleus and the Kooy cap of the inferior olive medial nucleus in the rapid retinal degeneration mice following 30 minutes of rotary motion in the experimental group, compared with the normal wild-type Kunming mice (P < 0.01). There was no significant difference in Fos protein expression in the vestibular nucleus, inferior olive subnucleus beta, and the flocculus and paraflocculus of the cerebellum between the rapid retinal degeneration mice and normal wild-type Kunming mice. CONCLUSION: Visual information affected neuronal activation in the prepositus hypoglossal nucleus and the Kooy cap of the inferior olive medial nucleus in mice following rotary motion. The prepositus hypoglossal nucleus and the dorsal cap of Kooy of inferior olive medial nucleus were shown to be key integration regions of visual information and vestibular information in the central nervous system.
BACKGROUND: Previous studies on integration mechanisms of visual and vestibular information in the central nervous system have focused on the vestibular system. Due to the lack of an appropriate animal model, few studies have addressed the visual system with regard to visual and vestibular information. OBJECTIVE : To investigate Fos protein expression differences of vestibular-related nucleus populations in a mouse model of rapid retinal degeneration and normal wild-type Kunming mice following rotary motion, and to verify integration regions of visual and vestibular information in the central nervous system. TIME AND SETTING: A randomized, controlled in vitro study was performed at the Key Laboratory of Aerospace Medicine of Ministry of Education, China from March 2008 to February 2009. MATERIALS: A rotary stimulation device was re-fit to an electric, rotating chair produced by the School of Aerospace Medicine, the Fourth Military Medical University. METHODS: A total of 12 rapid retinal degeneration mice and 12 normal wild-type male Kunming mice were randomly assigned to experimental and control subgroups, respectively (n = 6). Mice in the experimental group were exposed to rotary motion at a speed of 180 ° / s, 3 minutes per cycle, in an alternating clockwise / counterclockwise movement. MINE in the control group were not exposed to rotary motion. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Differences in the number of Fos-positive neurons were determined in the vestibular nucleus, prepositus hypoglossal nucleus, inferior olive subnucleus beta , Kooy cap of the inferior olive medial nucleus, and the flocculus and paraflocculus of the cerebellum in rapid retinal degeneration mice and normal wild-type Kunming mice. RESULTS: The number of Fos-positive neurons was reduced in the prepositus hypoglossal nucleus and the Kooy cap of the inferior olive medial nucleus in the rapid retinal degeneration mice following 30 minutes of rotary motion in the experimental group, compared with the norma lwild-type Kunming mice (P <0.01). There was no significant difference in Fos protein expression in the vestibular nucleus, inferior olive subnucleus beta, and the flocculus and paraflocculus of the cerebellum between the rapid retinal degeneration mice and normal wild-type Kunming mice. CONCLUSION: Visual information affected neuronal activation in the prepositus hypoglossal nucleus and the Kooy cap of the inferior olive medial nucleus in mice following rotary motion. The prepositus hypoglossal nucleus and the dorsal cap of Kooy of inferior olive medial nucleus were shown to be key integration regions of visual information and vestibular information in the central nervous system.