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神经管畸形是由于妊娠28天左右胚胎神经管闭合不全而造成的脊椎不同水平骨骼或颅骨缺损,表现为脊柱裂和无脑儿,是较常见的先天畸形,也是导致胎儿和婴儿死亡的主要原因之一。目前我国神经管畸形发生率为3.8‰左右,估计每年有8～10万例神经管畸形发生。严重的神经管畸形胎儿或婴儿多在孕期和出生后死亡,存活者也多有不同程度的下肢瘫痪、知觉损失、大小便失禁、泌尿系感染及脑积水。有关神经管畸形的病因尚无定论,但近年来的研究认为与多基因遗传、环境因素和
Neural tube deformity is due to incomplete embryonic neural tube closure of the embryo at 28 days, resulting in different levels of skeletal or skull defects in the spine. It is characterized by spina bifida and anencephaly. It is a more common congenital malformation and a leading cause of fetal and infant death one. At present, the incidence of neural tube defects in China is about 3.8 ‰, an estimated 80,000 to 100 000 cases of neural tube defects occur each year. Severe neural tube defects in fetal or infant and more during pregnancy and postnatal death, survivors also have varying degrees of lower limb paralysis, loss of consciousness, incontinence, urinary tract infection and hydrocephalus. The etiology of neural tube defects is inconclusive, but in recent years, studies suggest that with multi-genetics, environmental factors and