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观赏羽衣甘蓝凭借优良的观赏特性和抗逆性已经成为重要的冷季观赏植物。国内观赏羽衣甘蓝育种起步较晚,并且缺乏对种质资源遗传背景的系统研究。本研究应用SSR标记对不同类型的观赏羽衣甘蓝材料进行标记分型和亲缘关系分析。从99对均匀分布于甘蓝基因组的SSR引物中筛选出46对多态性好的引物,对27份不同类型的观赏羽衣甘蓝材料进行标记分型,共扩增出210个多态性位点,平均PIC值为0.58。进一步利用标记分型结果进行STRUCTURE群体结构、UPGMA聚类和聚类热图分析,结果显示3种分析结果基本一致,可以将27份材料分为圆叶、羽叶和皱叶3种类型,其中圆叶和羽叶类型的亲缘关系更近,与皱叶类型的亲缘关系较远;STRUCTURE分析还可以将双亲为不同类型的杂交种材料进行区分;聚类热图分析可以将标记分型结果形象的展示出来。本研究为进一步建立观赏羽衣甘蓝分子指纹图谱,明确种质资源的遗传背景,建立观赏羽衣甘蓝分子标记辅助选择育种体系,培育具有自主知识产权的新品种奠定基础。
Viewing kale with excellent ornamental characteristics and resistance has become an important cold season ornamental plants. Domestic ornamental kale breeding started late, and lack of systematic research on the genetic background of germplasm resources. In this study, different types of ornamental kale cabbage were screened and phylogenetically analyzed using SSR markers. A total of 46 polymorphic primers were screened from 99 pairs of SSR primers evenly distributed in Brassica oleracea genome, and 27 different types of ornamental kale were identified by PCR. A total of 210 polymorphic loci were amplified, The average PIC value is 0.58. Further analysis of the STRUCTURE population structure, UPGMA clustering and cluster thermogram using marker typing results showed that the results of three kinds of analysis were basically the same, and 27 materials could be divided into three types: circular leaf, feather leaf and wrinkled leaf, among which Circular leaf and feather leaf types are more closely related and distantly related to the foliage leaf type. STRUCTURE analysis can also distinguish parents from different types of hybrid materials. Clustering heat map analysis can display the image of the labeled results come out. In order to further establish the molecular fingerprint of kale, the genetic background of germplasm resources was clarified, and molecular marker-assisted selection breeding system of ornamental kale was established to lay a foundation for cultivating new varieties with independent intellectual property rights.