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幼儿的发展是借助两方面因素实现的,一是自身原有的知识经验和能力,二是教师为幼儿学习提供的支架。幼儿原有的知识经验和能力是学习活动的基础,并随着学习活动的深入不断得到丰富、重组和提高。一般来说,幼儿在探索沉浮转换时大致会经历这样几个过程:在对物体的沉浮特性作出判断和简单解释的基础上,通过操作逐渐意识到物体的沉浮状态不是固定不变的,继而借助其他物体的沉浮特性尝试沉浮的转换,最后脱离外部条件的支持,仅通过改变物体自身条件实现沉浮转换。所以,文中提到“大部分幼儿”“简简单单”地把沉在水底的物品放在了可以浮在水面的材料上,并不说明幼儿不肯动脑,简单模仿,而恰恰说明了这个班幼儿发展水平普遍处于需借助外部因素完成沉浮转换的阶段,尚未达到通过改变物体自身条件实现沉浮转换的水平。
The development of young children is achieved by means of two factors: first, their own original knowledge and ability, and second, the support provided by teachers to young children. The original knowledge and experience of young children and their abilities are the foundation of learning activities, and are continuously enriched, reorganized and improved as the learning activities deepen. In general, children explore the ups and downs in the conversion process will generally go through several processes: the ups and downs of the object to make judgments and simple explanations based on the operation through the gradual realization of the ups and downs of the object state is not static, and then with the help The ups and downs of other objects try to ups and downs of the conversion, and finally from the support of external conditions, only by changing the object’s own conditions to achieve the ups and downs of conversion. Therefore, the article mentions that “most of the young children” simply put submerged objects on materials that can float on the water, and it does not mean that young children refuse to brains and simply imitate, which exactly illustrates the class The development level of young children is generally in the stage of being converted into an ups and downs by the help of external factors and has not yet reached the level of sinking and transformation that has been achieved by changing its own conditions.