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取保候审是一种由《中华人民共和国刑事诉讼法》规定的刑事强制措施。具体说来是指由公安机关、人民检察院或人民法院决定,公安机关具体执行,责令符合法律规定条件的犯罪嫌疑人、刑事被告人提出保证人或者交纳保证金,保证随传随到的刑事强制措施。当前的取保候审率低使得这项强制措施在司法实践中执行情况并不理想。取保候审常常被作为国家权力手段而非公民的基本权利来对待,我国取保候审制度的重构应该借鉴西方保释制度,将取保候审视作公民的一项基本权利。
Bail pending trial is a criminal compulsory measure provided by the “Criminal Procedure Law of the People’s Republic of China”. Specifically, it means that the public security organ, the people’s procuratorate or the people’s court decide that the public security organ shall specifically order the criminal suspects and criminal defendants who have conformed to the conditions prescribed by law to submit the guarantor or pay the guaranty money to ensure that the criminal compulsory measures are followed. The current low bail rate makes the implementation of this compulsory measure in judicial practice unsatisfactory. The bail is often treated as a means of state power rather than a citizen’s basic right. The reconstruction of the bail pending trial system in China should learn from the Western bail system and treat the bail pending trial as a basic right of citizens.