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冲天炉从十八世纪创始,迄今已有200多年的历史。目前我国年产铸铁件约500万吨,其中95％以上由冲天炉熔炼(欧美国家为80—90％)。为提高铁水温度、改进铸件质量、减少合金元素烧损、节省燃料、减免污染、便于操作、增进安全等,铸造工作者对冲天炉的结构型式不断进行改进。目前我国应用的冲天炉主要炉型有多排小风口化铁炉、中央送风化铁炉、双排大间距化铁炉、卡腰化铁炉等。卡腰化铁炉是我国自行研制适合当前国情,正在推广的炉型之一。它是在群众革新运动中涌现、
Cupola from the eighteenth century founding, so far, more than 200 years of history. At present, China’s annual output of iron castings is about 5 million tons, of which over 95% is melted by cupola (80-90% in European and American countries). In order to improve the temperature of hot metal, improve the quality of castings, reduce the loss of alloying elements, save fuel, reduce pollution, facilitate operation and enhance safety, the casting workers continuously improve the structure of the cupola. At present, the main type of cupola furnace used in our country has multiple rows of small-sized singe iron furnaces, central blast furnaces, double-row large-scale blast furnaces, card waist iron furnaces and the like. Card waist iron furnace is our own research and development for the current national conditions, one of the furnace is being promoted. It emerged in the masses reform movement,