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我国古代,“国”字的含义是“城”或“邦”。“中国”就是“中央之邦”。周代文献中,“中国”一词有5种不同含义:一指京师,即首都;二指天子直接统治的王国;三指中原地区;四指国内、内地;五指汉族居住的地区和建立的国家。自汉代开始,人们常把汉族建立的中原王朝称为“中国”。南北朝时期,南朝自称为“中国”,把北朝称作“魏虏”;北朝也自称为“中国”,把南朝叫作“岛夷”。辽与北宋,金与南宋,彼此都自称“中国”,都不承认对方为“中国”。
In ancient China, the meaning of the word “country” is “city” or “state.” “China” is the “state of the Central Government.” In the literature of the Zhou dynasty, there are five different meanings of the word “China”: one refers to the capital division, the capital city; the kingdom of the second direct ruler of heaven and earth; the Central Plains of the Three Fingers; the four fingers of the mainland and the hinterland; country. Since the Han Dynasty, people often referred to the Central Plains dynasty established by the Han as “China.” During the Northern and Southern Dynasties, the South declared itself as “China” and referred to the North as “Wei Ru”. The North also claimed to be “China” and the South as “the island.” Liao and Northern Song Dynasty, Jin and Southern Song Dynasty, each claiming to be “China”, do not recognize each other as “China.”