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棉花覆膜栽培,使棉田生境发生了变化,病虫害的消长规律也相应发生变化。1982年,我们对本所覆膜与不覆膜棉田进行对比观察,发现覆膜田比无膜田病虫害发生早,蔓延快。 烟蓟马(Thrips tabaci Lindeman)据5月20日和6月15日调查,覆膜田烟蓟马的始发期与无膜田相同或提前3天左右,但覆膜田虫口密度分别比无膜田高0.5倍和3倍,因此时覆膜田单株叶面积比无膜田大4—19倍,因而引诱大量烟蓟马密集于棉株上。但覆膜田棉苗生长快,被害组织能在短期内得到愈合,因而受害较轻,无膜田植株被害率(无头或多头株)为覆膜田的4—7倍。
Cotton film cultivation, cotton habitat has changed, the growth and decline of pests and diseases also changed accordingly. In 1982, we conducted a comparative observation on the covered and uncoated cotton fields, and found that the covered fields were earlier and spread faster than the non-membrane fields. Thrips tabaci Lindeman According to the survey on May 20 and June 15, the onset period of Thrips tabaci was the same as or earlier than 3 days, Membrane field 0.5 times and 3 times higher, so when the leaf area per plant membrane field 4-19 times larger than the membrane-free field, thus luring a large number of thrips thick on cotton plants. However, cotton field cotton seedlings grew rapidly, and the victim tissues could be healed in a short period of time, resulting in less damage. The damage rate of the non-membrane plants (headless or long-stranded) was 4-7 times higher than that of the covered field.