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中国经济发展和社会进步面临着人口、资源和环境问题的巨大压力。石油、天然气和其它一次能源长期以来一直处于“找米下锅”的状态,一些探明的矿产资源中贫矿多且分布不均匀,一些有色金属每年都要大量进口,沙漠化土地面积和水土流失面积占国土总面积的1/6以上,二氧化碳、二氧化硫以及大量烟尘已日益成为突出的环境问题,灾害性天气和地震灾害频繁发生,不仅造成了巨大的经济损失,也对人民的生命财产造成极大的威胁。在新中国发展的近半个世纪中,中国的地球科学家在石油、天然气的勘探和开发、矿产资源的勘探和利用、提高灾害性天气预报的准确率、减少地震灾害造成的损失,防治沙漠化、泥石流以及防治地方病等方面作出了世人瞩目的成绩,在南水北调、长江资源的开发利用、黄土高原的治理等方面都提供了科学的依据。
China's economic development and social progress are facing tremendous pressure on population, resources and environmental issues. For a long time, oil, natural gas and other primary energy sources have been in a state of “looking into the rice pans.” Some of the proven mineral resources are poorly-leveled and unevenly distributed. Some non-ferrous metals are imported in large quantities every year. Desertified land area and soil erosion Its area accounts for more than 1/6 of the total land area. Carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide and a large amount of dust have become increasingly prominent environmental problems. Severe weather and earthquake disasters occur frequently, which not only cause huge economic losses, but also cause great harm to people's lives and property. Big threat In the nearly half century of new China's development, Chinese scientists in earth exploration and exploitation of petroleum and natural gas, exploration and utilization of mineral resources, improve the accuracy of disastrous weather forecasts, reduce the losses caused by earthquake disasters, combat desertification, Landslides and prevention and treatment of endemic diseases made remarkable achievements in the world, in the South Water Diversion, the Yangtze River resources development and utilization of the Loess Plateau and other aspects of governance provide a scientific basis.