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一、前言电导率是表示地球内部物质成份与物理状态的一个重要参数。研究地壳和上地幔电导率的横向变化,可以提供与地质构造有关的信息,它对研究地球内部的温度及其分布也具有重要意义,通过对电导率的测定和研究,能使我们更好地了解地壳及上地幔的热性质。探测地球内部电导率的方法主要有三种,即经典四电极电阻率测深法、大地电磁测深法和地磁测深法。经典四电极电阻率测深法在研究大陆地质方面有特殊的意义;大地电磁测深法主要用于大陆上,近年来也用于海洋上;磁测深能够测定地壳上地幔电导率分布的横向不均匀性,也能估算导电体的深度和相应的电导率。地壳和上地幔电性结构横向不均匀性的研究程度,取决于磁力仪的疏密程度。
I. INTRODUCTION Conductivity is an important parameter that indicates the composition and physical status of the Earth’s interior. Studying the lateral variation of conductivity in the crust and the upper mantle can provide information related to the geological structure. It is also of great significance for studying the temperature inside the Earth and its distribution. By measuring and studying the conductivity, we can better Understand the thermal properties of the crust and the upper mantle. There are mainly three methods for detecting the internal conductivity of the earth, namely the classical four-electrode resistivity sounding method, the earth electromagnetic sounding method and the geomagnetic sounding method. The classical four-electrode resistivity sounding method has special significance in the study of the continental geology. The magnetotelluric sounding method is mainly used on the mainland and in recent years in the ocean. The magnetic sounding depth can measure the lateral conductivity of the crust and upper mantle Inhomogeneities, the depth of the conductor and the corresponding conductivity can also be estimated. The degree of research on the lateral inhomogeneity of the electrical structure of the crust and the upper mantle depends on the density of the magnetometer.