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通过对唐代到清代18部文献的调查,文章确定近代汉语中表“丢弃”概念的词主要有10个:“弃”“舍”“掷”“抛”“撇”“丢”“撩”“扔”“摔”“掼”。在此基础上考察发现,“弃”“舍”的使用频率一直较高,组合能力随时代发展逐步增强。“掷”“抛”“撇”“丢”“撩”“扔”先后高频出现于近代汉语的不同发展阶段,有较明显的递嬗演变。“摔”“掼”用例很少,始终处于弱势地位。文章认为概念场中典型成员的类化是“丢弃”概念场词汇系统形成的原因,几个成员所具有的相同词义发展特点与相关概念场发展演变的影响是促使概念场内部词汇成员发生更替与演变的动因。
Through the survey of 18 literature from the Tang Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty, the article has mainly ten words to determine the concept of “discard ” in modern Chinese: “discard”, “discard”, “throw” “” “” Throw “” tease “” throw “” throw “” 掼 “. On the basis of this study, we found that the frequency of using ”discarded“ and ”homes“ has always been high, and the combination ability has gradually increased with the development of the times. ”Throw “ ”throw “ ”write “ ”throw “ ”tease “ ”throw “ has appeared in different stages of development of modern Chinese, there is a more obvious evolution evolution. ”Throw “ ”掼 “ few use cases, has always been in a weak position. This paper argues that the typical membership of the conceptual field is the reason for the formation of the ”discarded" concept field vocabulary system. The same lexical development characteristics of several members and the evolution of the related concept field are the causes of the occurrence of internal lexical members in the conceptual field Motivation of change and evolution.