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目的探讨心理干预对慢性铅中毒住院患者心理状况的影响。方法选取2013年6月至12月广州市职业病防治院收治的慢性铅中毒住院患者100例,随机分成观察组和对照组,每组50例。对照组采用常规治疗,观察组在常规治疗基础上给予心理治疗及心理访谈,采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)评估两组治疗前后心理健康状况。结果 100例慢性铅中毒患者SCL-90平均总分为(187.87±58.69)分,9项因子平均分最小值为(1.85±0.62)分,最大为(2.30±0.86)分。总分和躯体化、强迫症状、抑郁、焦虑、恐怖、精神病性等9项因子评分均高于国内常模(P<0.01),观察组治疗前后SCL-90总分及9项因子评分均较治疗前低,除强迫因子外,两组比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),对照组治疗前后SCL-90总分及各项因子评分差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论综合心理干预有助于改善慢性铅中毒住院患者的心理健康水平。
Objective To investigate the effect of psychological intervention on psychological status of hospitalized patients with chronic lead poisoning. Methods 100 cases of chronic lead poisoning hospitalized in Guangzhou Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment Hospital from June to December in 2013 were randomly divided into observation group and control group with 50 cases in each group. The control group was treated with conventional therapy. The observation group was given psychotherapy and psychological interviews on the basis of routine treatment. The mental health status of the two groups was evaluated by SCL-90 before and after treatment. Results The average score of SCL-90 was (187.87 ± 58.69) in 100 cases of chronic lead poisoning. The average score of the 9 factors was (1.85 ± 0.62) points and the maximum was (2.30 ± 0.86) points. The scores of total score and somatization, obsessive compulsive symptom, depression, anxiety, terror and psychosis were all higher than that of the national norm (P <0.01). The score of SCL-90 and the score of 9 factors before and after treatment in the observation group Before treatment, except for forced factor, there was significant difference between the two groups (P <0.05). There was no significant difference between before and after treatment in SCL-90 score and each factor score (P> 0.05). Conclusion Comprehensive psychological intervention can help to improve mental health of hospitalized patients with chronic lead poisoning.