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抗病育种是防治病虫害最经济的有效办法之一,也是一种治本的办法.解放初期,有些农业科学研究机关认为抗病育种违反米丘林生物学原理,不能为农业生产服务,曾一度停止这一研究工作,造成不必要的损失.其实,米丘林是非常重视抗病育种工作的,而且取得了很大的成绩.他在“育种是获得免疫和抗病虫害植物的杠杆”一文中指出,抗病育种是提高农田产量,防治农作物病虫害的强有力的杠杆(参阅下面译文).苏联农业科学工作者对这种工作至今仍极重视,并且育成了大量的抗病虫害的品种,对农业生产起了重大的作用.自从党提出百家争鸣方针之后,对于学习苏联先进经验有了较深刻的认识,抗病育种作也逐渐恢复,但却仍未引起本区某些育种工作者的足够重视.有的育种工作者只注意选育品种的农艺性状而忽视其抗病虫的能力,往往耗费十几年的辛勤劳动育成一个新品种,仅因不能抵抗病虫而无法推广.这一教训值得记取.有的人认为抗病性不稳定,因而对这一方法的作用抱怀疑态度.是的,在进化过程中,在环境条件影响下,寄主和寄生物之间的相互关系可能发生变化,也就是说,寄生物可能适应于原来抗病品种获得新的致病力而形成新的生理小种,或者是寄主本身发生变化而丧失其抗病能力.补救抗病性丧失的办法就是定期更换品种.其实品种的其他农艺性状,在
Disease-resistant breeding is one of the most economical and effective ways to control pests and diseases, and also a remedy for the disease. In the early days of liberation, some agricultural scientific research institutions thought that the disease-resistant breeding breached the biological principle of Michurin and could not serve agricultural production. In fact, Michurin paid great attention to the disease-resistant breeding work and made great achievements. He pointed out in his article “Breeding is a Leverage for Acquiring Immune and Pest-resistant Plants” , Disease-resistant breeding is a powerful lever to increase farmland output and prevent and control crop diseases and pests (see below for translations). Soviet agricultural scientists still attach great importance to such work and have developed a large number of varieties resistant to pests and diseases to agricultural production Since the party put forward the principle of one hundred schools of thought contending that there has been a profound understanding of the advanced experience of the Soviet Union and the gradual resumption of disease-resistant breeding programs, it has still not given enough attention to some breeding workers in the region. Of breeding workers only pay attention to the agronomic traits of breeding varieties and neglect their ability to resist diseases and pests, and often spend more than a decade of hard work into a It is worth noting that the breed can not be spread simply because it can not resist pests and diseases and some people think that the disease resistance is not stable and is therefore skeptical of the effect of this method.It is in the evolutionary process that environmental conditions Under the influence of the host and the parasite may change the relationship between, that is, the parasites may be adapted to the original disease-resistant varieties to obtain new virulence and the formation of new physiological races, or the host itself changes and Loss of its disease resistance ability to remedy the loss of disease resistance is the regular replacement of species. In fact, the variety of other agronomic traits in