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通过土柱试验，研究玉米和大豆根茬还田对黑土、黑钙土各类水解酶活性的影响。结果表明，玉米根茬还田的脲酶、磷酸酶、纤维素酶活性均高于大豆根茬还田。作物根茬还田在各时期均高于刨茬对照。黑土各处理的脲酶、磷酸酶、纤维素酶和转化酶活性均高于黑钙土各处理。各处理的土壤酶活性与生育时期的变化动态基本一致，播种后３０～６０ｄ为上升期，６０ｄ达到高峰，６０～９０ｄ是下降期，９０～１２０ｄ又有所回升，１２０ｄ出现第２个小高峰，１２０～１５０ｄ又下降。
Soil column test was conducted to study the effects of corn stalks and soybean stubble on the hydrolase activity of black soil and chernozem soil. The results showed that the urease, phosphatase and cellulase activities of corn stubble were higher than those of soybean stubble. Crop stubble returning to field in each period are higher than planing stubble control. The activities of urease, phosphatase, cellulase and invertase in black soil were higher than those of black soil. The activities of soil enzymes in the treatments were basically the same as those in the growth stages. Seventy to sixty days after sowing were in the ascending stage, 60 days in the ascending stage, 60-90 days in the descending stage, 90-120 days and the second ascended in 120 days , 120 ~ 150d again down.