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目的研究2009甲型H1N1流感疫情全球大流行期间珠海口岸入境发热旅客流感病毒的分子流行病学特征。方法选择2009年5月至2010年4月经珠海各口岸入境的976例发热旅客(体温≥37.5℃)为研究对象,采集咽拭子样本并提取病毒核酸,采用3个多重RT-PCR实验进行甲型、乙型和2009新甲型H1N1流感病毒的筛查以及甲型流感病毒的分子分型检测。此外,随机选择8株2009甲型H1N1流感病毒进行HA和NA基因全长RT-PCR扩增和序列分析。采用SPSS17.0软件对流行病学和实验数据进行统计学分析。结果976例发热旅客中检出流感病毒阳性病例331例,其中甲型流感占96.98%(321/331),乙型流感占3.02%(10/331);321例甲型流感病毒分子分型结果为新甲型H1N1流感92例,占28.66%,人季节性H1N1流感65例,占20.25%,人季节性H3N2流感164例,占51.09%。序列分析显示珠海口岸输入性新甲型H1N1流感病毒的HA和NA基因与甲型流感典型毒株A/California/04/2009(H1N1)的同源性分别达到99.86%和99.89%。结论本研究所阐明的珠海口岸流感病毒的分子流行病学特征对于指导国境口岸流感的防控具有重要参考价值。
Objective To study the molecular epidemiological characteristics of influenza inbound travelers entering Zhuhai port during the 2009 pandemic of H1N1 influenza. Methods A total of 976 fever travelers (body temperature ≥37.5 ℃) who entered the ports of Zhuhai from May 2009 to April 2010 were selected as samples. Throat swab samples were collected and viral nucleic acids were extracted. Three multiplex RT-PCR experiments Type B, Type B and 2009 New H1N1 influenza virus screening and influenza A virus molecular typing test. In addition, eight 2009 2009 H1N1 influenza viruses were randomly selected for full-length RT-PCR amplification and sequence analysis of HA and NA genes. The epidemiological and experimental data were analyzed by SPSS17.0 software. Results Among the 976 fever travelers, 331 cases were positive for influenza virus, of which 96.98% (321/331) were influenza A and 3.02% (10/331) were influenza B; and the molecular typing results of 321 influenza A 92 cases of new influenza A (H1N1) virus, accounting for 28.66%, 65 cases of seasonal H1N1 influenza virus, accounting for 20.25%, and 164 cases of seasonal H3N2 influenza virus, accounting for 51.09%. Sequence analysis showed that the homologies of the HA and NA genes of imported influenza A (H1N1) virus of Zhuhai Port with the type A influenza A / California / 04/2009 (H1N1) were 99.86% and 99.89% respectively. Conclusion The molecular epidemiological characteristics of influenza virus in Zhuhai port clarified in this study have important reference value for guiding the prevention and control of flu at border crossing.