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应用AFLP分子标记技术对广东深圳、汕头和山东长岛的海萝(Gloiopeltis furcata)群体进行遗传多样性分析。应用筛选出的10对多态性丰富的AFLP引物,对这3个地理群体的90个个体进行扩增,共得到427个位点,多态性位点数为392(91.75%),各引物扩增位点数为30~59。长岛群体扩增位点最多,多态性也最高。群体内的等位基因数(Na)、有效等位基因数(Ne)、遗传多样性指数(H)和Shannon信息指数(I)变化趋势一致,均由高到低依次为长岛群体、汕头群体、深圳群体,表明长岛群体遗传多样性最高。3个海萝群体遗传变异主要来自群体间。群体间的基因流为0.368 9,群体分化系数(Gst)为0.575 4,表明群体间有高度分化。深圳群体和汕头群体的遗传距离最小(0.110 2),与长岛群体的遗传距离最大(0.357 7)。UPGMA聚类分析显示广东深圳和汕头群体聚为一支,山东长岛群体为另一支,表明群体间的遗传差异与地理距离有关。本研究结果为海萝资源的保护与利用提供了基础数据。
The genetic diversity of Gloiopeltis furcata populations in Shenzhen, Shantou and Long Island of Shandong Province was analyzed using AFLP markers. A total of 427 loci were obtained from 10 AFLP primers rich in polymorphism and 90 individuals were amplified in this 3 geographical populations. The number of polymorphic loci was 392 (91.75%). All the primers Increase the number of points for the 30 ~ 59. Long Island population has the most amplification sites and the highest polymorphism. The variation trend of alleles (Na), effective alleles (Ne), genetic diversity index (H) and Shannon information index (I) in the population were the same from high to low in order of Long Island population, Shantou population , Shenzhen population, indicating that the highest genetic diversity in Long Island. The genetic variation of three populations of M. marinus mainly came from among populations. The gene flow between populations was 0.368 9, and the coefficient of population differentiation (Gst) was 0.575 4, indicating a highly differentiated population. The genetic distance between Shenzhen and Shantou was the smallest (0.110 2), and the genetic distance to Long Island was the largest (0.357 7). UPGMA clustering analysis showed that the populations of Shenzhen and Shantou in Guangdong were clustered together and the other one in Shandong Province, indicating that the genetic differences among the populations were related to the geographic distance. The results of this study provide the basic data for the protection and utilization of the resources of the sea.