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目的探讨胸导管结扎对肝组织结构和功能的影响。方法选用10月龄家兔30只,随机分为两组(模型组20只和对照组10只)。模型组家兔在膈脚处结扎胸导管,对照组家兔只是暴露胸导管,未结扎。对模型组和对照组的动物,取部分肝组织HE染色进行光镜观察,取部分肝组织制作电镜切片并观察;术前和术后6个月的实验动物,穿刺股静脉取血以检测肝功能。结果肝功能结果显示,模型组家兔的总胆红素、直接胆红素和间接胆红素升高,总蛋白降低,清蛋白降低,球蛋白升高,谷草转氨酶(AST)和谷丙转氨酶(ALT)升高,和对照组相比其差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。HE光镜观察模型组肝细胞内有大的脂滴,肝实质呈灶性、带状甚至整个肝小叶坏死。超薄组织切片透射电镜观察模型组,肝细胞内可见大小不等的脂滴,有的脂滴挤压细胞核,使之变形,肝细胞之间可见大量的胶原纤维。结论胸导管结扎会导致肝脏形态结构和功能的变化。
Objective To investigate the effect of thoracic duct ligation on the structure and function of liver. Methods Thirty rabbits aged 10 months were randomly divided into two groups (model group 20 and control group 10). In the model group, the thoracic duct was ligated at the phrenic foot, while the control group, the rabbit only exposed the thoracic duct and was not ligated. The model group and the control group of animals, take part of the liver tissue HE staining observed by light microscopy, take part of the liver tissue preparation and observation of electron microscopy; preoperative and postoperative 6 months of experimental animals, femoral vein blood to detect the liver Features. Results The results of liver function showed that the total bilirubin, direct bilirubin and indirect bilirubin were increased, the total protein was decreased, the albumin was decreased, the globulin was increased, the levels of AST and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) increased compared with the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). HE light microscope observation of large lipid droplets within the liver cells, liver parenchyma focal, ribbon or even the entire hepatic lobule necrosis. Ultrathin tissue sections were observed by transmission electron microscopy in the model group. Different sizes of lipid droplets were observed in the liver cells. Some lipid droplets squeezed the nucleus to distort the liver cells. A large amount of collagen fibers were seen between the hepatocytes. Conclusion Ligation of the thoracic duct leads to changes in the morphology and function of the liver.