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目的：了解重症监护治疗病房（ Ｉ Ｃ Ｕ） 医院内感染的发生率、细菌耐药性及危险因素。方法：对 Ｉ Ｃ Ｕ 所分离的细菌菌株及细菌耐药性进行回顾性分析。结果： Ｉ Ｃ Ｕ 医院内感染中仍以 Ｇ－ 菌为主（８７ ．５ ％ ） ，其次为 Ｇ＋ 菌（１２ ．５ ％ ） 。 Ｇ－ 菌中有大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌和绿脓假单孢菌。 Ｇ＋ 球菌有金黄色葡萄球菌和表皮葡萄球菌。细菌耐药： Ｇ－ 菌对头胞哌啶耐药最低（２５ ．６ ％ ） ，其次依次为氧氟沙星（２８ ．７ ％ ） 、利福平（２９ ．７ ％ ） 、丁胺卡那霉素（６８ ．７ ％ ） 。 Ｇ＋ 球菌对万古霉素（１１ ．１ ％ ） 、氧氟沙星（５６ ．６ ％ ） 耐药。结论： Ｉ Ｃ Ｕ 医院内感染中以 Ｇ－ 菌为主，其次为 Ｇ＋ 菌，对 Ｉ Ｃ Ｕ 各种侵入性操作要严格无菌。
Objectives: To understand the incidence of nosocomial infections, bacterial resistance and risk factors in intensive care unit (ICU). Methods: The bacterial strains isolated from I C U and bacterial resistance were retrospectively analyzed. Results: The prevalence of G-bacteria in I C U hospital was 87.5%, followed by G + bacteria (12.5%). Among the G-bacteria, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. G + cocci Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis. Bacterial resistance was the lowest (25.6%), followed by ofloxacin (28.7%), rifampicin (29.7%), Prime (68.7%). G + cocci was resistant to vancomycin (11.1%) and ofloxacin (56.6%). CONCLUSION: G-bacteria is the main infection in I C U hospital, followed by G + bacteria, which should be strictly sterilized for various invasive procedures of I C U.