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目的研究20种抗菌药物对医院感染主要致病菌———金黄色葡萄球菌的抗生素后效应(PAE)。方法采用光密度法测定PAE ,以实验组与对照组细菌恢复对数生长期时间差计算PAE。结果在亚MIC浓度时 β_内酰胺类抗生素对金黄色葡萄球菌的PAE很短 ,而大环内酯类、氟喹诺酮类、氨基糖甙类PAE已很明显 ,尤其大环内酯类PAE可达2h左右。随药物浓度增加 ,PAE均有增加的趋势。在4倍MIC时 ,青霉素类、碳青霉烯类PAE明显延长 ,而头孢菌素类PAE仍相对较短 ;大环内酯类、氨基糖甙类、氟喹诺酮类药物和磷霉素PAE显著增加 ,并长于 β_内酰胺类PAE。结论抑制蛋白质和DNA合成的抗菌药物及磷霉素对金黄色葡萄球菌的PAE较明显 ,要长于 β_内酰胺类抗生素的PAE ,可能与PAE产生机制不同有关。
Objective To study the antibiotic effect (PAE) of 20 kinds of antibacterials on Staphylococcus aureus, a major pathogen of nosocomial infection. Methods PAE was measured by optical densitometry. PAE was calculated based on the logarithmic growth phase difference between the experimental group and the control group. Results The PAE of β-lactam antibiotics against Staphylococcus aureus was very short at submicron concentrations, whereas the macrolides, fluoroquinolones and aminoglycosides PAEs were already evident, especially the macrolides PAE Up to 2h. With the increase of drug concentration, PAE tends to increase. At 4-fold MIC, PAEs of penicillins and carbapenems were significantly prolonged while cephalosporins PAE were still relatively short; macrolides, aminoglycosides, fluoroquinolones and fosfomycin PAE were significantly Increase and longer than β-lactam PAE. Conclusion PAE, which inhibits the synthesis of protein and DNA, is more potent against Staphylococcus aureus than that of β-lactam antibiotics, which may be related to the mechanism of PAE production.