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目的 :观察人胚胎脊髓血管的发生发育过程 ;分析胚胎脊髓血管的结构特征以及与成人脊髓血管结构的关系。方法 :采用胎龄 30d～ 2 8周的胚胎及胎儿、新生儿和成人尸体标本 ,进行解剖学观察。结果 :对脊髓血管胚胎各期的发育特征进行了描述。神经管未闭合时 ,周围的间充质内已出现了毛细血管网 ,逐渐向基板和翼板集中 ,并沿神经根走行 ,进出椎管 ,每一节段均有两对 ,左右对称。表面的毛细血管垂直向脊髓内发出分支 ,部分分化成各级动、静脉 ,并在髓内发出分支 ,构成毛细血管网。原基板外周的毛细血管网随脊髓的生长 ,形成了脊髓前动脉纵轴。颈髓前动脉多保持双干结构。脊髓后动脉为双干 ,在外侧方。胎龄 3个月以上的胎儿脊髓血管已与成人大致相仿。结论 :脊髓前动脉在胎龄 8周时 ,胸腰段就已经融合为一条。颈髓的脊髓前动脉多为双干 ,有相互靠近的趋势。胎龄 3个月以上的胎儿脊髓表面血管形态已经与成人大致相仿。脊髓血管是神经管周围间充质中的毛细血管网随着脊髓的生长 ,通过相互融合和不均衡退化等机制 ,逐渐演化过来的
OBJECTIVE: To observe the development and development of human embryonic spinal blood vessels and to analyze the structural characteristics of embryonic spinal blood vessels and the relationship with the structure of adult spinal cord. METHODS: Embryos, fetuses, newborns and adult cadavers from 30 days to 28 weeks of gestational age were observed for anatomy. Results: Developmental characteristics of spinal cord embryos were described. Nerve canal is not closed, the surrounding mesenchymal capillary network has emerged, and gradually to the base plate and the wing concentration, and walk along the nerve root, out of the spinal canal, each segment has two pairs, left and right symmetry. The surface of the capillaries perpendicular to the branches issued to the spinal cord, partially differentiated into various levels of arteries and veins, and branches in the intramedullary to form capillary network. The capillary network of the periphery of the original substrate, along with the growth of the spinal cord, formed the longitudinal axis of the anterior spinal cord. Anterior cervical artery to maintain double-dry structure. The posterior spinal cord is double-stemmed, on the lateral side. Fetal age of 3 months or more fetal spinal cord blood vessels have been roughly the same with adults. Conclusion: The anterior spinal cord artery at the gestational age of 8 weeks, the thoracolumbar has been merged into one. Cervical spinal cord anterior artery mostly double-dried, with the trend of close to each other. Fetal age of 3 months or more fetal spinal cord surface morphology has been roughly the same with adults. Spinal blood vessels in the mesenchymal network around the neural tube capillary network with the growth of the spinal cord, through mutual fusion and imbalance of degradation and other mechanisms gradually evolved