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目前,华北地区小麦亩产800斤以上的高产田仅占20％左右,亩产百斤以下的低产田约占9％,一般产量水平的麦田占绝大多数。这类一般麦田增产潜力很大,不少单位有成倍增产的例证。从一般麦田的产量结构分析,穗数不足是影响产量的症结所在。据调查,亩产二、三百斤的地块,只有10—20万穗;亩产三、四百斤的不足30万穗。故在栽培上要抓增穗增产这一环节。华北一般麦田造成穗数不足的原因是多方面的,但缺水、地薄、苗弱这三个原因是共同的主要问题。除水的问题主要靠兴修水利外,地薄、苗弱可以通过抓科学用肥与培育壮苗来解决。
At present, only about 20% of the high-yielding fields in North China yield more than 800 pounds of wheat, accounting for about 9% of the low-yielding fields yielding less than 100 pounds per mu, and the vast majority of wheat fields with the average yield. This kind of general wheat field has a great potential for increasing production, and many units have doubled their production. Yield structure analysis from the general wheat field, insufficient spikes affect yield the crux of the problem. According to the survey, two to three kilos per mu of land, only 10-20 million spike; mu produce three or four pounds less than 300,000 spike. Therefore, cultivation should be grasped by increasing spike this link. The reasons for the shortage of spikes in the general wheat fields in North China are many. However, the three major causes of water scarcity, thin earth and weak seedlings are common problems. In addition to water problems mainly rely on water conservancy, thin, weak can grasp the scientific use of fertilizer and nurturing seedlings to solve.