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用分子生物学,生物化学和免疫学技术对疟原虫基因多态性的细致分析表明,在疟原虫的不同群体间,同一群体内,甚至同一次感染的不同虫体间均存在着广泛的基因变异。变异类型有如下几种:1)等位基因变异,如可造成裂殖子表面抗原的多态性。2)基因位点突变,如导致抗药性的产生。3)基因表达上的变异,如导致许多阶段特异性蛋白的出现。4)由于染色体缺失造成基因偶然缺失,以及裂殖子在蚊体内减数分裂时可产生带有新的重组基因的虫体。
Detailed analysis of the genetic polymorphisms of the malaria parasite using molecular biology, biochemistry and immunological techniques shows that a wide range of genes exist between different populations of Plasmodium, within the same population, and even within the same infection variation. Variants are the following types: 1) Allelic variation, such as polymorphisms that can cause merozoite surface antigen. 2) gene mutation, such as lead to the emergence of drug resistance. 3) Variability in gene expression, such as the appearance of many phase-specific proteins. 4) Accidental deletion of genes due to chromosomal deletion, and merozoites producing parasites with new recombinant genes during meiosis in the mosquito.