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【目的】研究中亚大麦资源的利用价值,为新疆大麦育种提供优良亲本材料。【方法】观察引进中亚3个国家的175份大麦材料进行生育期、农艺性状、籽粒特征及抗旱指数。【结果】引进材料大多为春性二棱皮大麦,属早熟、半矮秆类型,穗姿以直立型最多,齿芒;籽粒以白色、长圆形为主;茎秆直径主要分布在3~3.5mm,穗长主要分布在8~10 cm,千粒重的变幅为29.4~73.1 g,平均49.78 g,变异系数为14.42;大部分材料表现为中度抗旱,而不同农艺性状表现出不同的抗旱性。【结论】中亚引进资源表现出广泛的品种特异型,可作为优良的杂交育种亲本材料。
【Objective】 The objective of this study was to investigate the value of barley resources in Central Asia and to provide excellent parental material for barley breeding in Xinjiang. 【Method】 The growth and agronomic traits, grain traits and drought resistance index of 175 barley materials imported from 3 Central Asian countries were observed. 【Result】 The results showed that most of the introduced materials were spring dicotyledonous barley, which belonged to the precocious and semi-dwarf types. The spikes possessed the most erect type and the cusps; the grains were mainly white and oblong; the diameter of the stalk was mainly distributed in 3 ~ 3.5mm. The spike length was mainly distributed in 8-10 cm, the amplitude of 1000-grain weight was 29.4-73.1 g with an average of 49.78 g and the coefficient of variation was 14.42. Most of the materials showed moderate drought resistance and different agronomic traits showed different drought resistance Sex. 【Conclusion】 The introduction of resources in Central Asia showed a wide range of species-specific, can be used as excellent cross breeding parent material.