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本文回顾了五、六十年来传动系统发展的概况。在目前,这几种传动系统已能满足需要,但是还希望有更高水平的传动系统出现,例如以燃气轮机转速运转的传动系,新型的摩擦式传动系,高效率皮带传动以及平行通路的综合式传动系统等等。从非公路用车传动系统几十年的发展中可以看到:随着社会生产力的发展,机械的设计是从简单到复杂。就汽车说来,就是随着运载量的加大与车速的提高,传动系统的设计也不断与之相适应。无论机械变速器驱动桥还是液力变扭器以及电传动系统的发展总趋势是加大传递功率的能力、提高效率以及加大扭矩变换和变速的范围。从本文可看到某些设计概念出现得很早,但是由于工艺、材料以及使用条件的限制,一时不能广为应用,但到了条件具备的时候,又成为肯定的趋向。如电传动早在1923年即在工程机械上首先采用,交流电传动也是工程机械上用得比较早,汽车由于重量要求比较严格,所以直到大吨位矿山自卸车发展起来,才将电动轮用在汽车上。文章一并介绍了工程机械传动系的发展问题,在汽车上认为是独特的铰接式车辆,在工程机械中却可以算作是传统结构。所以“旁来博览”对解决某些技术问题将有所借鉴。几十年的发展过程说明哪些改进是十分必要的,哪些又是不能完全解决问题的。我们一方面要从实际调查中获取直接经验,也要注意从历史材料中取得间接经验。
This article reviews the development of transmission systems in five or six decades. At present, these types of transmission systems are sufficient, but more advanced transmission systems are expected, such as gas turbine speed drives, new friction drives, high-efficiency belt drives and parallel routes Transmission system and so on. From decades of development of off-highway transmission systems, we can see that with the development of social productive forces, the design of machinery is from simple to complex. In terms of the car, it is with the increase of carrying capacity and speed, the design of the transmission system is also consistent with it. The general trend toward the development of mechanical transmission driveshafts or torque converters and electric drive systems is to increase the ability to deliver power, increase efficiency, and increase the range of torque transforms and gearshifts. It can be seen from this paper that some of the design concepts appeared very early, but due to limitations of technology, materials and conditions of use, they are not widely applicable for a short while. However, when the conditions are met, they become a positive trend. Such as electric transmission as early as 1923 that is the first in construction machinery, AC drive is also used on construction machinery earlier, the car due to the more stringent weight requirements, so until the large-tonnage Dump Truck developed, only the electric wheel used in cars on. The article also introduces the development of construction machinery transmission system, in the car that is unique articulated vehicles, but in construction machinery can be regarded as the traditional structure. Therefore, "Expo next to solve some technical problems will learn from. Decades of development indicate which improvements are necessary and which do not completely solve the problem. On the one hand, we must draw direct experience from actual investigations and we should also pay attention to obtaining indirect experience from historical materials.