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本文从反应的自由焓变化和蒸汽分压两个方面,对以硼砂为供硼剂的固体渗硼进行了热力学分析。在渗硼温度下,活化剂分解产生的气态物质SiF_4、CF_4、F_2、Cl_2和铝、钾、钠的氟化物,使硼砂及其分解产物中的硼以BF_3和BCl_3形式进入气相。BF_3、BCl_3和SiF_4可与还原剂反应形成亚稳定相BF_2、BCl2和SiF_3等,而SiF_3等又可还原BF_3和BCl_3。被钢件表面吸收的BF_2和BCl_2分解出活性硼原子,从而实现渗硼。作者认为,能否形成稳定的和亚稳定的气态含渗入元素的化合物是固体渗的关键。
In this paper, the thermodynamic analysis of solid boronizing with borax as boron-supplying agent is carried out from two aspects of free enthalpy change and partial pressure of steam. At the boronizing temperature, the gaseous substances SiF_4, CF_4, F_2, Cl_2 and aluminum, potassium and sodium fluoride generated by the decomposition of the activator cause the boron in the borax and its decomposition products to enter the gas phase as BF_3 and BCl_3. BF_3, BCl_3 and SiF_4 can react with the reductant to form metastable phase BF_2, BCl_2 and SiF_3, etc., and SiF_3 can restore BF_3 and BCl_3 again. Be absorbed by the steel surface BF_2 and BCl_2 decomposition of active boron atoms, in order to achieve boronizing. The authors believe that the formation of stable and metastable gas containing elements infiltrated compounds is the key to solid infiltration.