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针对爆炸场热毁伤测试的需求, 提出一种基于改进模型的热容式量热计动态特性优化方法.在量热计数学模型构建的过程中, 考虑高阶项影响, 建立高阶项改进模型, 并在考虑热电偶热耗散影响的情况下, 采用数值仿真的方式, 分析该高阶模型对量热计动态特性的影响.仿真结果显示, 量热计响应速度及工作频带随模型阶次的增加而增加, 且在二阶时增加幅度最大;量热计阶跃响应信号能量主要集中在15 Hz以内, 且模型阶次越高阶跃响应信号高频分量越丰富.使用热容式量热计测试热风枪出风口热流密度, 实验结果表明, 相较于传统数学模型, 二阶改进模型响应曲线的上升时间减小150 ms左右, 改进后数学模型可正确反映入射热流变化趋势.“,”In order to meet the requirements of thermal damage test in explosion field, an optimization method of dynamic characteristics of heat capacity calorimeter is proposed based on improved model. Considering the influence of high order terms in mathematical modeling of calorimeter, an improved model with higher order terms is established. The influence of the thermal dissipation of thermocouple on the dynamic characteristics of calorimeter is analyzed by numerical simulation. The simulation results show that the response speed and working frequency band of calorimeter increase with the increase of model order, and the increase is the maximum while the order of the model equals two. The energy of step response signal of the calorimeter mainly concentrates within 15 Hz, and the higher the model order, the richer the high frequency components of step response signal. A calorimeter is used as a heat sensitive element to test the heat flux of the outlet of the hot air gun. Experimental results indicate that, compared with the traditional mathematical model, the rising time of the response curve of the second-order improved model decreases by about 150 ms, and the improved mathematical model can correctly reflect the variation trend of the incident heat flow.