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目的研究在未知情的情况下,家庭内艾滋病病毒的传播率及影响因素。方法选择某地1995年前后家庭成员因受血感染人类免疫缺陷病毒1型(HIV-1)的117个家庭,平均8年后观察其他家庭成员HIV感染状况。结果在117个家庭中,有39个家庭发生了家庭传播,家庭传播率为33.3%;存在传播危险因素的家庭成员感染率为22.8%(49/215),不存在传播危险因素的家庭成员中未发现感染者。家庭内夫妻传播和母婴传播危险因素并存导致家庭传播率高达47.8%(32/67),存在母婴传播因素的家庭传播率为40.9%(27/66),存在夫妻传播因素的家庭传播率为16.5%(19/115),妻子作为家庭引入病例导致38.5%(37/96)的家庭传播率,丈夫作为家庭引入病例的家庭传播率为9.5%(2/21);妻子感染时的年龄越小,家庭传播率越高;夫妻传播危险因素存续时间越长,家庭夫妻传播率越高;母婴传播危险因素存续时间长短不影响家庭母婴传播率。结论通过回顾性队列研究,获得了家庭成员未知情条件下的家庭传播率和家庭成员传播率。
Objective To study the transmission rate of HIV in the family and its influencing factors under the condition of unknown information. Methods A total of 117 families of HIV-1 infected with blood from a family member in a certain area before 1995 were selected to observe the HIV status of other family members after an average of 8 years. Results Among 117 families, 39 families had family transmission with a rate of 33.3%. The infection rate among family members who had transmission risk factors was 22.8% (49/215). Among the family members who did not have transmission risk factors No infected person found. The coexistence of marital and maternal transmission risks within families led to a high rate of family transmission of 47.8% (32/67), 40.9% (27/66) with maternal and child transmission factors, and family transmission rate of maternal and child transmission , 16.5% (19/115), family transmission rate of 38.5% (37/96) caused by wife being introduced as a family, and family transmission rate of husband (9.5%) as a family introduction case (2/21) The smaller the frequency of family transmission, the longer the duration of transmission of risk factors by couples and the higher the rates of family and husband transmission. The duration of mother-to-child transmission of risk factors does not affect the rate of mother-to-child transmission of the family. Conclusions The retrospective cohort study obtained the family transmission rate and the family member transmission rate under the condition of unknown family members.