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研究了膨润土、海泡石粘土、凹凸棒石粘土、累托石粘土、高岭土及沸石等六种非金属矿的表面电荷、阳离子交换容量、比表面积、渗透系数、导热系数等性能参数,进行了各非金属矿材料对Cs+、Sr2+、Co2+的静态吸附实验。结果表明,沸石和膨润土的表面电荷和阳离子交换容量较大,对Srr2+、Cs2+、Co2+的吸附能力较强。膨润土和累托石渗透系数小,隔水性和膨胀性好,可以作为吸附材料和隔水材料。沸石渗透系数大,隔水性差,不宜作为隔水材料,可以作为吸附材料,与其它材料联合使用,构成复合矿物障壁,阻滞放射性核素的向外迁移。几种非金属矿物材料的导热系数均较小,需要通过添加其它材料来提高导热性能。
The surface charge, cation exchange capacity, specific surface area, permeability coefficient, thermal conductivity and other performance parameters of six kinds of non-metallic ores such as bentonite, sepiolite clay, attapulgite clay, rectorite clay, kaolin and zeolite were studied. Static Adsorption Experiment of Cs +, Sr2 +, Co2 + in Nonmetal Minerals. The results showed that the surface charge and cation exchange capacity of zeolites and bentonites were relatively high, and their adsorption capacities for Srr2 +, Cs2 + and Co2 + were strong. Bentonite and rectorite permeability coefficient is small, good water and swelling, can be used as adsorbent material and water-proof material. Zeolite permeability coefficient, poor water barrier, not as a water-proof material, can be used as an adsorbent material, combined with other materials used to form composite mineral barrier, blocking the outward migration of radionuclides. The thermal conductivity of several non-metallic mineral materials are small, need to add other materials to improve the thermal conductivity.