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金融危机席卷全球已超越虚拟经济领域波及实体经济,就金融危机产生原因及影响引起学界广泛争论。从马克思主义经济理论来看,金融危机根源于资本主义生产方式内在矛盾的观点得到大多数学者的认同,但对这一矛盾如何演化为金融危机的内在机制观点不一。本文基于马克思的货币信用危机理论探讨金融危机发生的原因,即建立在信用和信用制度基础上的资本拜物教“观念”和市场拜物教“运动”及其两者的互动是金融危机发生的双重基础,而“观念”与“运动”统一并互动的根源在于资本的构造性。资本的构造性是通过权利或制度的安排实现资产转换为资本的目的,资产所有者利用所有权的法律规定对资产进行权力界定后将其置于市场运动之中带来增加值。资产被纳入市场框架并增值的过程,既是资产转化为资本的过程,也是资本被构造的过程。
Financial crisis has swept the world beyond the fictitious economy affecting the real economy, causes and impact of the financial crisis caused widespread controversy in academia. From the perspective of Marxist economic theory, the view that the financial crisis stems from the inherent contradictions of the capitalist mode of production has been accepted by most scholars. However, opinions on how this contradiction has evolved into the underlying mechanism of the financial crisis are mixed. This article explores the causes of the financial crisis based on Marx’s theory of monetary credit crisis, that is, the capital fetishism and the concept of market based on the credit and credit system and the market fetishism and movement and the interaction between the two are the source of the financial crisis The basis of unity and interaction between “idea ” and “movement ” lies in the constructivism of capital. The constructivism of capital is to realize the objective of converting assets into capital through the arrangement of right or system. After the assets owners use the legal provisions of ownership to define the power of the assets, they will bring added value into the market movement. Assets are included in the market framework and value-added process, both the process of converting assets into capital, but also the process of capital being constructed.