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本研究以甘蓝型油菜“青油14号”(AACC,2n=38)为母本、白菜型油菜“青海大黄油菜”(AA,2n=20)为父本杂交,经连续自交三代获得F_4代44个新型甘蓝型油菜单株为供试材料。利用SSR分子标记技术对供试材料进行遗传物质渗入分析,结果显示:从油菜A基因组特异引物组合中筛选出55对特异性引物,新型甘蓝型油菜中大黄油菜遗传物质平均渗入率23.0%。青海大黄油菜的A组染色体A1-A10遗传物质在新型甘蓝型油菜渗入率在12.2%~32.5%之间不等,平均22.5%。选取42份新型甘蓝型油菜对其花粉育性进行检测,除203-1、203-2两个单株花粉败育外,其余40个单株花粉可染率介于27.4%~96.4%之间。新型甘蓝型油菜单株之间在形态方面存在明显的差异,根据叶型、株高、花期等可大致分为偏白菜型、偏甘蓝型油菜型,分别占43.2%和56.8%。通过甘白杂交,对新资源进行亲代遗传物质渗入以及花粉育性等相关研究,为甘蓝型油菜种质资源创新提供理论指导。
In this study, we crossed the parents of “Brassica napus” “Qingyou 14” (AACC, 2n = 38) with the female parent of “Brassica napus” and “Qinghai rhubarb” (AA, 2n = 20) Three generations of F_4 were obtained on behalf of 44 new Brassica napus plants as test materials. The SSR markers were used to analyze genetic material infiltration. The results showed that 55 pairs of specific primers were screened from the A genome-specific primer combinations. The average penetration rate of genetic material of Rhizoma canola was 23.0% in the new type of Brassica napus. The genetic material of chromosome A1-A10 in group A of Qinghai yellow campestris showed an infiltration rate of 12.2% -32.5% in new type of Brassica napus, averaging 22.5%. 42 new rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) cultivars were selected to test their pollen fertility. Except for the two pollen abortion lines 203-1 and 203-2, the pollen dyeability of the remaining 40 pollen lines ranged from 27.4% to 96.4% . There are obvious morphological differences among the new type of Brassica napus. According to the leaf type, plant height, flowering date, it can be roughly divided into the Chinese cabbage type and the partial Brassica napus type, accounting for 43.2% and 56.8% respectively. Through the hybridization of white cabbage, new genetic resources were infiltrated by parents and pollen fertility and other related research, to provide theoretical guidance for the innovation of Brassica napus germplasm resources.