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2003年美国工程院提出了工程在21世纪面临的一系列“重大挑战”的议题。在21世纪的这十余年间,学者们从“重大挑战”出发对工程与社会关系问题进行了愈发激烈的讨论。所谓重大挑战,其实就是为了全社会的善用工程来解决的那些技术问题。然而如果用一种更为广阔的历史-哲学视角对这一措辞进行审视的话,会发现还有一项挑战被忽视了,即在一个日渐工程化的世界中培养工程师和公众的自我认知。最后笔者还论证了在工程教育中加入人文学科是促进工程自我认知的题中之义。
In 2003, the United States Academy of Engineering put forward a series of “major challenges” in engineering in the 21st century. In the more than ten years of the 21st century, academics have conducted increasingly heated discussions on the relationship between engineering and society from the “major challenges”. In fact, the so-called major challenges are those technical problems that are solved by the good works of the whole society. However, if one looks at the term in a broader historical-philosophical perspective, one more challenge will be overlooked in developing the self-perception of engineers and the public in a world that is becoming increasingly engineering. Finally, the author also demonstrates that the inclusion of humanities in engineering education is the meaning of the project to promote self-awareness of the project.