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目的研究酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)法检测人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)抗体弱阳性外部对照血清的制备方法及效果。方法选取20例HIV患者,另选取20例健康人员,抽取所有受检者血液,分别制成HIV阳性混合血浆与HIV阴性混合血浆。使用HIV阴性血浆稀释HIV阳性的血浆,并使用荷兰生物梅里埃试剂进行检验,检验次数为12次。同时对比不同稀释度的HIV抗体弱阳性外部质控血浆的配制及OD值和HIV弱阳性外部质控血浆12次的检测结果进行对比分析。结果结合数据的对比分析后发现,经过1年使用后的自制弱阳性的外部质控血浆较好,因为其具有良好的稳定性,其变异系数(CV)<20%。结论在实验室自制弱阳性的外部质控血浆,这样更适合,且操作简单方便,还易于保存。ELISA法检测HIV抗体弱阳性外部对照血清的制备较好,值得临床推广和应用。
Objective To study the preparation method and effect of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for detection of weakly positive external control serum of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antibody. Methods 20 cases of HIV patients were selected, another 20 healthy people were selected, all the subjects were drawn blood, respectively, made of HIV-positive mixed plasma and HIV-negative mixed plasma. HIV-positive plasma was used to dilute HIV-positive plasma and tested using Dutch bioMérieux reagent for a total of 12 tests. At the same time, we compared the preparation and OD value of weak positive external control plasma of HIV antibody with different dilutions and the detection results of 12 weak HIV negative positive control plasma. Results Compared with the data, it was found that after 1 year of use, the self-made weakened positive control plasma was better, and the coefficient of variation (CV) was <20% because of its good stability. Conclusion It is more suitable for home-made weak positive external control plasma in the laboratory, and the operation is simple and convenient, and is also easy to save. ELISA method to detect HIV positive weak positive control serum preparation is better, worthy of clinical promotion and application.