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嵌段共聚物是由两种或两种以上不同性质的聚合物链段通过共价键连接形成的特殊聚合物。它可以结合构成嵌段的不同种类聚合物的性质,得到性能比较优越的功能性聚合物材料,因此越来越受到人们的重视。然而,嵌段共聚物的分离和表征一直都是一项颇具挑战性的工作。临界条件液相色谱(liquid chromatography at the critical condition,LCCC)作为一种新型的液相色谱分离技术,可以使嵌段共聚物中的某种嵌段处于“色谱不可见”(chromatographic invisible)状态,不会影响整个聚合物的保留时间,从而根据嵌段共聚物中其他嵌段长度来分离嵌段共聚物。本文介绍了LCCC分离法的分离原理与实现途径,较为系统地综述了LCCC分离表征嵌段共聚物的近期研究进展,并对该方法目前存在的问题及今后发展前景进行了探讨。
Block copolymers are special polymers formed by the covalent linkage of two or more polymer segments of different nature. It can be combined with the properties of different kinds of polymers which constitute the block to obtain the functional polymer material with superior performance. Therefore, it has drawn more and more attention. However, the segregation and characterization of block copolymers has always been a challenging task. Liquid chromatography at the critical condition (LCCC), as a new type of liquid chromatographic separation technique, can make a block in a block copolymer in chromatographic invisible State, without affecting the retention time of the entire polymer, separating the block copolymer based on the length of the other blocks in the block copolymer. This paper introduces the principle of separation of LCCC separation method and the way to achieve it. The recent progress in LCCC separation and characterization of block copolymer is systematically reviewed. The existing problems of the method and its future development are also discussed.