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热机的热效率取决于T_1—T_2的性能,超越卡诺循环的原动机至今尚未出现。即便是将来,从热落差的角度来看,用包括以H_2为燃料的原动机、燃气轮机、兰肯循环以及斯特林发动机等代替汽油机和柴油机也是不可能的。尤其是缸径冲程比超过3的大型船用二冲程柴油机,在2000℃下燃烧,废气涡轮出口温度降低到300℃,结果使燃油消耗率突破120克/马力小时,热效率有超过50％的趋势。
The thermal efficiency of a heat engine depends on the performance of T_1-T_2. The prime mover that has surpassed the Carnot cycle has not yet appeared. Even in the future, it is impossible to replace gasoline and diesel engines with prime mover, gas turbine, Rankine cycle, Stirling engine and the like, including H 2 fuel, from the standpoint of thermal runaway. In particular, large two-stroke marine two-stroke diesel engines with a cylinder bore stroke ratio of more than 3 are burned at 2000 ° C and the exhaust gas turbine exit temperature is reduced to 300 ° C. As a result, the fuel consumption rate exceeded 120 g / hh and the thermal efficiency exceeded 50%.