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物质结构与元素周期律是中学化学教材中最重要的基础理论之一,它揭示和反映了物质内部结构和元素之间相互联系的规律,是每年高考必考的内容。纵观历年高考化学试题,主要是以元素及其化合物知识为载体,用物质结构理论,将解释现象、定性推理、规律总结、简单计算相结合,全方位、多层次地考查学生综合分析能力、逻辑推理能力及迁移应用能力。本文从以下几方面对“物质结构与元素周期律”知识进行系统的复习。
The material structure and the periodic law of the elements are one of the most important basic theories in chemistry textbooks of middle schools. It reveals and reflects the laws of the interrelationships between the internal structures and elements of matter, and is the content of the annual examinations that must be taken for the college entrance examination. Throughout the chemical examinations over the years college entrance examination, mainly based on the knowledge of elements and their compounds as a carrier, the material structure theory, the interpretation of the phenomenon, qualitative reasoning, summary of laws, simple calculations, all-round, multi-level examination of students’ Logical reasoning ability and migration application ability. This article systematically reviews the knowledge of “material structure and periodic law of elements” from the following aspects.