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企业自负盈亏、政企分开的问题,1984年《中共中央关于经济体制改革的决定》中就提出来了。十多年来经历了放权让利、利改税、实行承包经营责任制、转换经营机制等不同阶段的改革,虽然在扩大企业经营自主权、政企分开等方面作了不少努力,政府职能有一些转变。但是,问题一直未得到很好解决。其表现在:国有企业大部分活力不强,效率不高,而政府却卸不掉企业负亏的无限责任,仍干预企业经营活动。
The question of whether enterprises should be responsible for their own profits and losses or for the separation of government from enterprises was put forward in the Decision of the CPC Central Committee on the Reform of the Economic Structure in 1984. Over the past decade, we have experienced various stages of reform such as decentralization of power and profitability, tax reform, implementation of the contractual management responsibility system and transformation of business mechanism. Although there have been many efforts in expanding business autonomy and separation of government from enterprises, Some changes. However, the problem has not been well resolved. Its performance is: most state-owned enterprises are not strong vitality, efficiency is not high, but the government can not afford to lose the unlimited liability of enterprises, still intervene in business activities.