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热红外光谱技术所用的常规法不是通过冷却光谱仪来减少有关波段的背景辐射,就是使用冷光学调制盘,要不然就是两种方法都采用。这些方法均需要进行严密的遮光,而且为了防止探测器观察温暖的周围物体,常常需要使用中继光具,这样便会导致成本、复杂性、重量以及功率增加。现在已发明了一种仅将被测波长的能量成象在一列探测器上的技术。当观察发射热红外辐射的地球时,它可以提供>300的辐射信号/噪声比,而同时又允许使光具和光谱仪保持在局部的环境温度下。采用这种方法,不需要对光学信号进行开关或调制。为了进行必要的背景辐射抑制,在探测器附近安置了一个新研制的可变光谱滤光片。本文介绍了导致研制这种滤光片的理论,讨论了它在实际的光具/探测器组件中的应用。为了论证上述原理的切实可行性,已制造了一台“原理验证”仪器,即热红外成象光谱仪。介绍了该仪器的研制试验计划,同时还提出了一些需要改进的(?)面。
Instead of cooling the spectrometer to reduce the background radiation of the band in question, the conventional method used for thermal infrared spectroscopy is to use a cold-optics modulation disk, or else both methods are used. These methods all require tight shading, and in order to prevent the detector from looking at warm surrounding objects, it is often necessary to use relay optics, which leads to increased cost, complexity, weight and power. A technique has been devised that images only the energy of the wavelength under test on a column of detectors. It can provide> 300 radiated signal / noise ratio while observing the Earth that emits thermal infrared radiation, while at the same time allowing the fixture and spectrometer to be maintained at a localized ambient temperature. In this way, there is no need to switch or modulate the optical signal. In order to make the necessary background radiation suppression, a newly developed variable spectral filter was placed near the detector. This article describes the theory that led to the development of this filter and discusses its use in practical optics / detector assemblies. To demonstrate the viability of the above principle, a “proof of principle” instrument, the thermal infrared imaging spectrometer, has been produced. The development plan of this instrument is introduced, and some aspects that need improvement are presented.