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对地震信号的时频分析,Morlet小波是在时频联合域内具有最好分辨率的解析小波。研究了连续小波变换频谱分析的原理,并对Morlet小波引入一个控制小波带宽的参数加以改进。对比改进的Morlet小波频谱分析与短时傅里叶变换频谱分析,理论模型表明,改进的Morlet小波能更好的模拟地震子波,在低频段有比短时傅里叶变换更好的频率分辨率,在高频段有更好的时间分辨率。最后对川西坳陷深层须家河组储层实际地震资料进行处理,结果表明,改进的Morlet小波变换具有更好的时频分辨率,对储层的刻画明显优于短时傅里叶变换。
For the time-frequency analysis of seismic signals, Morlet wavelet is the analytic wavelet with the best resolution in time-frequency joint domain. The principle of continuous wavelet transform spectrum analysis is studied, and Morlet wavelet is introduced to improve the parameters of controlling the bandwidth of wavelet. Compared with the improved Morlet wavelet spectrum analysis and short-time Fourier transform spectrum analysis, the theoretical model shows that the improved Morlet wavelet can better simulate the seismic wavelet and has better frequency resolution than the short-time Fourier transform in the low frequency band Rate, there is better time resolution in high frequency range. Finally, the actual seismic data of the Xujiahe Formation reservoir in the western Sichuan depression are processed. The results show that the improved Morlet wavelet transform has better time-frequency resolution, and the characterization of the reservoir is obviously better than the short-time Fourier transform.