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目的 通过实施口服脊髓灰质炎活疫苗的免疫活动 ,开展急性弛缓性麻痹病例的流行病学和病毒学监测工作 ,证实湖南省实现消灭脊髓灰质炎的策略具有可行性。方法 采用常规基础免疫和加强免疫、强化免疫、“扫荡”式免疫等方式开展对全省适龄儿童的免疫活动 ;对全省县级以上医疗卫生单位就诊的 15岁以下人群进行急性弛缓性麻痹病例的“零”病例报告和主动监测 ,发现和报告的每例病例逐一进行个案调查、随访和采集粪便标本 ,所采标本用RD、Hep - 2、L2 0B细胞进行病毒分离和鉴定。结果 自 1991年建立急性弛缓性麻痹病例监测系统以来 ,至 2 0 0 0年底止 ,湖南省共报告急性弛缓性麻痹病例 1749例 ,采集病例粪便标本 140 4例、接触者粪便标本 2 18例 ,检出脊髓灰质炎野病毒 7株 ,1993年 7月以后未再分离到脊髓灰质炎野病毒毒株。结论 据我们掌握的资料 ,湖南省已成功阻断了脊髓灰质炎野病毒的循环 ,实现了消灭脊髓灰质炎的目标
Objective To carry out the epidemiological and virological monitoring of acute flaccid paralysis cases by implementing the immunization activities of live oral poliovirus vaccine and confirm the feasibility of implementing the strategy of eliminating poliomyelitis in Hunan Province. Methods The routine immunization and intensive immunization, intensive immunization and “mopping-up” immunization were carried out on the immunocompromised children of school-age children in the province. Acute flaccid paralysis cases were observed in the under-15s at the county level and above. “Zero” case reports and active monitoring, detection and report of each case case by case investigation, follow-up and collection of stool specimens, the specimens taken by RD, Hep - 2, L2 0B cells for virus isolation and identification. Results Since the establishment of the acute flaccid paralysis case monitoring system in 1991, a total of 1 749 cases of acute flaccid paralysis were reported in Hunan Province by the end of 2001. A total of 140 4 cases of faecal specimens were collected and 218 cases of stool samples from contact persons. Seven polioviruses were detected, and no poliovirus strains were isolated after July 1993. Conclusion According to the information we have, Hunan Province has successfully blocked the cycle of polioviruses and achieved the goal of eradicating poliomyelitis