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和城市常住居民相比 ,城市农民工无论在居住条件、物质生活、教育、健康、生活方式等方面都居于弱势 ,成为城市社会中的居于边缘地位的弱势群体。与新生的另一类弱势群体下岗职工不同 ,造成城市农民工边缘的起因包括户籍管理方面的暂住证制度、城市产权及其收益分配制度等制度性因素 ,也包括资源配置传统规则的惰性和农民工群体自身素质等非制度性因素。在可预见的未来 ,如果这些因素变化不大 ,城市农民工社会地位的边缘状况将难以改变。
Urban migrant workers are disadvantaged in terms of living conditions, material life, education, health and lifestyles, and become the marginalized vulnerable groups in urban society compared with urban permanent residents. Different from the newly laid-off workers from other disadvantaged groups, the causes of the urban migrant workers’ marginalization include the temporary residence permit system of household registration management, urban property rights and their income distribution system and other institutional factors as well as the inertia of traditional allocation of resources and peasant workers Non-institutional factors such as the quality of their own groups. In the foreseeable future, if these factors change little, the marginalization of urban migrant workers’ social status will be hard to change.