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目的研究临床分离鲍曼不动杆菌的分布特征及耐药性的变迁,为临床科学合理使用抗生素提供参考。方法通过回顾性调查方法,对某医院临床标本分离出的鲍曼不动杆菌分布特点和2002-2010年期间该菌耐药性变迁进行分析。结果在调查期间该医院从感染病人的标本中共检出鲍曼不动杆菌2 161株,分离率为4.5%;标本来源以痰液为主,占83.7%。鲍曼不动杆菌感染分布较高的科室是重症监护室、呼吸内科和脑外科;感染部位分布以呼吸道为主。鲍曼不动杆菌对替卡西林、哌拉西林和复方氨苄西林的耐药率最高,并呈逐年上升趋势;对其他类型抗菌药物的耐药率从2002年以来也处于上升趋势。本医院分离的鲍曼不动杆菌对头孢哌酮/舒巴坦和多粘菌素E等抗菌药物都比较敏感。结论该医院2002年以来临床标本鲍曼不动杆菌分离率及其耐药率均呈上升趋势,提示对该菌应加强监测和药敏试验,以便更科学合理使用抗菌药物。
Objective To study the distribution of clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii and the change of drug resistance so as to provide a reference for rational use of antibiotics in clinical science. Methods The retrospective investigation method was used to analyze the distribution characteristics of Acinetobacter baumannii isolated from clinical specimens of a hospital and the changes of drug resistance during the period from 2002 to 2010. Results A total of 2 161 Acinetobacter baumannii strains were isolated from the infected patients during the investigation. The isolation rate was 4.5%. The sputum was the main source of samples, accounting for 83.7%. Acinetobacter baumannii infection distribution of higher departments is intensive care unit, respiratory medicine and brain surgery; the distribution of infection-based respiratory tract. Acinetobacter baumannii had the highest resistance rates to ticarcillin, piperacillin and ampicillin, and showed an increasing trend year by year. The rates of resistance to other types of antibacterials were also on an upward trend since 2002. Acinetobacter baumannii isolated in this hospital is sensitive to antibiotics such as cefoperazone / sulbactam and polymyxin E. Conclusion The isolation rate of Acinetobacter baumannii and its drug resistance in clinical specimens of this hospital have been on an upward trend since 2002, suggesting that this strain should be strengthened to monitor and drug sensitivity test in order to make more scientific and reasonable use of antibacterial drugs.